Reciprocating pump and compressor



A. A. CONNOR 2,515,033

July 11, 1950 Filed May 24. 1950 INVENTOR ARTHQR A. CONNOR ATTORNEYS A.A. CONNOR RECIPROCATING PUMP AND COMPRESSOR July 11, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet2 Filed May 24, 1950' INVENTOR ARTHUR A. CONNOR W ATTORNEYS July 11,1950 A. A. CONNOR RECIPROCATING PUMP AND COMPRESSOR 5 Sheets-Sheet 5Filed May 24, 1950 INVENTOR ARTHUR A. CONNOR [lg/1% 4 ATTZQNE July 11,1950 A. A. CONNOR 2,515,033

RECIPROCATING PUMP AND COMPRESSOR Filed May 24, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 4INVENTOR ARTHUR A. CONNOR Maw ATTORNEYS July 11, 1950 A. A. CONNOR 12,515,033

REC'IPROCATING PUMP AND COMPRESSOR Filed May 24, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 5INVENTOR ATTORNEYS ARTHUR A CONNOR Patented July 11, 1950 2,515,033RECIPROCA-T-ING PUMP AND COMPRESSOR Arthur'Albert Connor, Hove, Eng andApplication May-24, 1950, Serial No. 163,813 ln fireat Britain May 2-5,1948' 2 l i s- This invention relatesto reciprocating pumps andcompressors for the delivery, pressurising pr suction of liquids .or.gases, of the kind compris ing a'rotatable cylinder block having. aplurality of radial cylinder bores each housing a piston whichv isreciprocated therein by slidablyengaging a guide member disposed.eccentrically to the axis of. rotation of the block. and rotated by thefrictional engagement .of the pistons.

The object of the present invention is topmvide asimplified constructionof uch a, pump.

According. to the .present invention,..the pump comprises a cylindricalcasing, one end of which is detachable and carries a fixed valve shaft.on which the cylinder block rotates, and the 'pther end of whichcarries a fixed stub shaft, eccentrically disposed with respect to thesaid valve shaft, and on which a cup-shaped guide is rotatably carried,said stub-shaft also serving .as a bearing for adriving shaft coupled tothe cylinder block.

The pistons engage with the guide member .or the like on the innerperiphery thereof :by centrifugal force when the pump is running.

The valve shaft has axial passages which communicate at their inner endwith the cylinder bores, the cylinder block and valve shaft togetherforming a rotary valve.

In .asimple embodiment of the invention, the shaft comprises two borespassing inwardly from its external end parallel with each other and withthe axis of the shaft and communicating each with a slot cut in theperiphery of the end of the valve shaft inside the casing, the two slotsbeing diametrically opposed.

The external ends of the two holes in the shaft form the inlet andoutlet ports of the pump, and the'slots in the shaft coact with passagesin the cylinder block leading to the bores therein.

The guide member is a cup shaped annulus, having its internal diametergreater than the outside diameter of the cylinder block, and rotatableon the stub shaft fast to the end of the casing. The internalcircumference of the cupshaped guide member encloses the pistons in thecylinder block and serves to retain them therein. The stub shaft onwhich the cup shaped member is mounted is pierced by an eccentric axialhole through which hole passes the driving shaft.

The slots in the valve haft are so arranged as to allow fluid to .bedrawn through one part thereof and into the bores of the cylinder blockby the outward displacement of the'corresponding pistonduringthenrsthalf.of a cycle, and

The valve shaft ca ry n t e cyl nde b ock may he provided with .asuitable lubr tion channel or cha n l to perm t the f ow .Q -e l to theb arin surface between the nde blocs and the said shaftvAs on o t valvel ts ou in "the said shaft is for the intake side of the pump thepressure v at'or near said slot .is reduced. Furthermore, thecasing, inwhich th cylinderiblock-revolves. is sea d or sub antiall sealedyth e wll he a pre sure bu up insid it due to leakage past the pistons. Whenthe ylinderlolock revo v s at hi h spe d. a yoil present is flung to theperiphery of the casing inside and a suitable outlet can ,beprovided toap .offsome of this oil at this-po n II" a c nction is made between thetappin point and the above mentioned lubrication channel where provided,the difference in pressure ,-is considerable and can provide an adequate;fiow o f oil from the casingtothe cylinder block bearing, therebyreatly increasin the .effiei ncyof th pump and providing anautoma i lbrication and coolin means. -for the hearing.

The rotation ;of the guide'member permits a very-small relative rotationbetween-the pistons and :the said guide member, whereby frictionallosses are greatly reduced, and :the pump is very quiet. in; operation.

in order thatthe invention may be more fully understood, a constructionthereof is shown: by wayof example in the accompanying drawings,wherein:.

. Fig.- 1 shows .a central verti'cal section th'rough apump.

Fig. '2 shows a section taken-on the line I--I of Fig. 1.

Fig.6 shows a front elevation with one-end-of the casing and thecylinder block removed, looking into the casing.

Fig. 4 shows an elevation of;the removable-end of the casing and thecylinderblock.

Fig. 5 shows 'acentral --horiz on ta1 section through part of theend of'the'casing-a-nd'valve shaft.

Fig. 6 shows a side elevationofthe cylinder block-with one of thepistons thereof removed to show valve passages. I

Fig; '7 shows atypical piston;

Fig.8 shows a central vertical section through a modification .of thepump.

Fig. 9 shows a plan view of a detail of the modification of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 shows a plan View of another detail of the modification of Fig.8. t

Fig. 11 shows an elevation of yet another detail of the modification ofFig. 8.

In these figures, I represents a casing having a removable end 2 andsupport legs 3. A stubshaft 4 is rigidly attached centrally on theinside of the end wall of the casing I by means of screws 5 (only one ofwhich can be seen in Fig. 1). 6 is a cup-shaped annular guide which isrotatably carried on the stub shaft 4. ,A driving shaft I passesrotatably through a bore in the stub shaft 4 offset from its axis andhason its inner end an inner coupling member "8 which also serves to retainthe guide -6 on its' shaft.

The inner coupling member 8 coacts with an tion thereof in the valveshaft 29. 4| are oil outlets in the valve shaft for passage of oil tothe bearing surface between the valve shaft and the cylinder block. Theair pumped by the device emerges through the union 42 and passes througha pipe 43 and a union 44 to a hollow handle 45 which at its lower endhas a stop-cock 46 controlling the flow through a bore 41 leading to aspring loaded'relief valve 48 controlling the flow to a bore 49 whichleads back into the interior of the casing through the end wall of part21.

Q The qperationis as follows:

Whenthe pump is working, and a quantity of oil has been previouslyintroduced generally into by the impeller and is flung radiallyoutwards.

intermediate coupling member 9 loosely engaged therewith, which latterin turn coacts by means of tenons H) with slots l l provided inafiange12 on a cylinder block- 13, insuch a manner that rotation of the drivingshaft 1 causes rotation of the cylinder block l3. The block- I3 is r0-tatably mounted on a valve shaft l4--which-is rigidly set in theremovable end 2 of the casing. At the centre of the cylinder block-l3 isarranged a Phosphor bronze or like bearing ring I3*. 15 represents fourequally spaced radial cylinder ibores each receiving a solid piston 16and hav i ing at their inner -end two valve passages I1 spacedaxially-of the cylinder block. These are arranged to coactwithvalveslots [8 in such a manner as toform a rotary valve whenthe cylinderblock I3 is rotated with respect to the valve shaft 14. *Each valve slotleads by means of an axial bore [9 to the outer surface of the end 2 ofthe casing. One such bore IQ for the output of the pumplthe lower one-inFig. 5) has a widened portion 20 at its outer end to receive a screwthreaded union 2l- (shown only in Fig. 5) which isalso adapted toretainin position a cover plate 22 (in Fig. 5.) serving to compress afelt or like washer 23 (in Fig. 5) against the end2 of the casing insuch a manner as to form a filter for the-upper bore I=9 in Fig. 5. Saidfilter also serves as a silencer for the air intake. The pistons [6 haveperipheral grooves 24 whichassist in retaining lubricant-in the boresandserve'to provide a more effective seal between the bores and thepistons. The-l ends of the pistons It are roundedaszat 25'. to enablethem to coactwith the inside periphery of the guide 6 with a minimum offriction in all their relative positions. 26 Ban oil filler plug whichcan be screw threaded into a filler'aperav ture at the upper part of thebody of .thecasing and which can carry a dipstick (not shownlaforascertaining the levelof the lubricating oil.

Figs 8 and 9 show a modification in which.lubrication of the valve shaftis improved 'by'the provision of a forced oil feed. In this figure, acasing for the pump has two parts 21 and 28, part .21 carrying a valveshaft 29 on which is rotatably mounted a cylinder block 30 havingpistons 3| in cylinder bores 32. Part 28 carries a stub shaft 33 onwhich is rotatably mounted a cup-shaped guide 34 coacting with thepistons 3|. 35 is a driving shaft which is coupled to the cylinder block30by a'coupling member 36-. A disc 31 rotatively coupled to the endof-the driving shaft 35 has a pluralityof cups or. depressed portions 38and serves" asan oil. 'irnpelleia' 39 is an oil feed channellin thepart.21; and is another oil feed channel forming a continua- Some of itpasses into the open upper end of the oil channel 39 and passes down thesaid channel to the channel 40 in the valve shaft.

For the purpose of ensuring: that oilwill :pass' lets 4| to the adjacentbearing surfaces; .Any'

oil which gets fed out with the'compressed air passes through the 'pipe43 to the handle :45-and runs downwardly thereinto the stop-cock 46 andfrom there can flow back through the adjustable spring-loaded reliefvalvef48to the;bore 49, and is thereby returned to the inside of the:casing.

The path of the lubrication oil is. indicatedby the arrows. I

Fig. 10 is a plan view of part '28 of the casing and shows (in brokenline) a baiile-BU arranged on; the inside upper wallof the casing nearafilling hole 5| to prevent'oil escaping.through'saidfilling hole. :"i

Fig. 11 is an elevation of part 28 of the casing seen from the outsideof the pump to-showthe the hollow handle, and a'relief valve inth'e'casing' connected by bores to 'thejstop c ock and the inside of thecasing, whereby oil carried out through the outlet union is collected inthefhollov'v handle and returned through the st'op-cocli-a'n'd reliefvalve to the inside oi-thecasing' a rotary cylinder block rotatably'carried on tne'sa'i valve shaft and forming a rotary valvetherewith. aplurality of radial cylinder bores infthe cylinder block, a piston ineach saidl bora a stub-shaft fixedly mounted on thelother end for thecasing ecce'n trically withrespecuto the said valve shaft, a cup-shapedguide rotatably carried bysaid stub shaft and driven by slidableengageinentwith the outer ends of the pistons a driving shaft'for thecylinder block carried in an eccentric bore in the said stub-shaft; andcoupling means between saiddriving shaft and the cylinder block, wherebywhen the cylinderblock is rotatedby the driving shaft the pistonsin saidblockp'are' urgedloute wardly by centrifugalforce .to slidablyengage thepped u d gan i ar i her v,reci qc e 1 e. i g r., pre- I 1 A. pumpcomprising a casing having 5 lindricai portion and two ends one or whichis detachable, a valve shaft fixedly mounted on said detachable end andhaving an outlet union, a hollow handle mounted on the casing and incommunication with the outlet union, a stop-cock in the hollow handle,and a relief valve in the casing connected by bores to the stop-cock andthe inside of the casing, whereby oil carried out through the outletunion is collected in the hollow handle and returned through thestop-cock and relief valve to the inside of the casing, axial passagesand axially-separated slots in the valve shaft, a rotary cylinder blockrotatably carried on the valve shaft, valve passages in the cylinderblock whereby the cylinder block forms a rotary valve with the valveshaft, a plurality of radial cylinder bores in the cylinder block, apiston in each said bore, a stub-shaft fixedly mounted on the other endfor the casing eccentrically with respect to the valve shaft, acup-shaped guide rotatably carried by said stub-shaft and driven byslidable engagement with the outer ends of the pistons, a driving shaftfor the cylinder block carried in an eccentric bore in the stub-shaft, aloose couplin member for the driving shaft and the cylinder block, aslotted circular flange on the cylinder block, and tenons on thecoupling member to engage in the slots of the flange, the pistons intheg cylinder block being urged outwardly by centrif-ugal force when thecylinder block is rotated and being reciprocated by slidable engagementwith the cup-shaped guide.

ARTHUR ALBERT CONNOR.

REFERENCES CITED ,The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

